Nikel

28
Ni
Kumpulan
10
Kala
4
Blok
d
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
28
28
31
Ciri-Ciri Am
Nombor atom
28
Berat atom
58.6934
Nombor jisim
59
Kategori
Logam peralihan
Warna
Kelabu
Radioaktif
Tidak
From the German word Nickel (Satan), and from kupfernickel, Old Nick's copper
Struktur hablur
Pusat Wajah Kubik
Sejarah
Artifacts made from metallic meteorites have been found dating from as early as 5000 BC.

In 1751, Baron Axel Fredrik Cronstedt was trying to extract copper from kupfernickel and instead produced the white metal.

In the early twentieth century, Ludwig Mond patented a process using nickel carbonyl to purify nickel.
Bilangan elektron per petala
2, 8, 16, 2
Konfigurasi elektron
[Ar] 3d8 4s2
Ni
Nickel is 100 times more concentrated below Earth's crust than in it
Ciri-Ciri Fizikal
Fasa
Pepejal
Ketumpatan
8.912 g/cm3
Takat lebur
1728.15 K | 1455 °C | 2651 °F
Takat didih
3186.15 K | 2913 °C | 5275.4 °F
Haba pelakuran
17.2 kJ/mol
Haba pengewapan
378 kJ/mol
Muatan haba molar
0.444 J/g·K
Banyak pada kerak bumi
0.0089%
Banyak pada alam semesta
0.006%
A
Kredit imej: Images-of-elements
A sheet of nickel
Nombor CAS
7440-02-0
Nombor PubChem CID
935
Ciri-Ciri Atom
Jejari atom
124 pm
Jejari kovalen
124 pm
Keelektronegatifan
1.91 (Skala Pauling)
Kebolehan mengion
7.6398 eV
Isipadu atom
6.59 cm3/mol
Daya pengaliran terma
0.907 W/cm·K
Keadaan pengoksidaan
-1, 1, 2, 3, 4
Aplikasi
Nickel is used extensively to make coins and nickel steel for armor plates and burglar-proof vaults.

Tubing made of copper-nickel alloy is extensively used in making desalination plants for converting sea water into fresh water.

Nickel is also used in batteries, ceramics and magnets.
Nickel and its compounds are considered to be carcinogenic
Isotop
Isotop stabil
58Ni, 60Ni, 61Ni, 62Ni, 64Ni
Isotop tidak stabil
48Ni, 49Ni, 50Ni, 51Ni, 52Ni, 53Ni, 54Ni, 55Ni, 56Ni, 57Ni, 59Ni, 63Ni, 65Ni, 66Ni, 67Ni, 68Ni, 69Ni, 70Ni, 71Ni, 72Ni, 73Ni, 74Ni, 75Ni, 76Ni, 77Ni, 78Ni