Litium
3
Li
Kumpulan
1
Kala
2
Blok
s
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
3
3
4
Ciri-Ciri Am
Nombor atom
3
Berat atom
6.941
Nombor jisim
7
Kategori
Logam alkali
Warna
Perak
Radioaktif
Tidak
Daripada perkataan Yunani lithos, batu
Struktur hablur
Pusat Badan Kubik
Sejarah
Lithium was discovered by Johann Arfvedson in 1817 when he was analyzing minerals from the island of Uto in Sweden.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
The pure metal was isolated the following year by both Swedish chemist William Thomas Brande and English chemist Sir Humphry Davy working independently.
In 1855, larger quantities of lithium were produced through the electrolysis of lithium chloride by Robert Bunsen and Augustus Matthiessen.
Bilangan elektron per petala
2, 1
Konfigurasi elektron
[He] 2s1
Lithium is the only metal which reacts with nitrogen under normal conditions
Ciri-Ciri Fizikal
Fasa
Pepejal
Ketumpatan
0.534 g/cm3
Takat lebur
453.69 K | 180.54 °C | 356.97 °F
Takat didih
1615.15 K | 1342 °C | 2447.6 °F
Haba pelakuran
3 kJ/mol
Haba pengewapan
147 kJ/mol
Muatan haba molar
3.582 J/g·K
Banyak pada kerak bumi
0.0017%
Banyak pada alam semesta
6×10-7%
Nombor CAS
7439-93-2
Nombor PubChem CID
3028194
Ciri-Ciri Atom
Jejari atom
152 pm
Jejari kovalen
128 pm
Keelektronegatifan
0.98 (Skala Pauling)
Kebolehan mengion
5.3917 eV
Isipadu atom
13.10 cm3/mol
Daya pengaliran terma
0.847 W/cm·K
Keadaan pengoksidaan
1
Aplikasi
Pure lithium metal is used in rechargeable lithium ion batteries.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium stearate is used as an all-purpose and high-temperature lubricant.
Lithium is used in special glasses and ceramics.
Metallic lithium and its complex hydrides are used as high energy additives to rocket propellants.
Lithium is corrosive and requires special handling to avoid skin contact
Isotop
Isotop stabil
6Li, 7LiIsotop tidak stabil
4Li, 5Li, 8Li, 9Li, 10Li, 11Li, 12Li