Berilium
4
Be
Kumpulan
2
Kala
2
Blok
s
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
4
4
5
Ciri-Ciri Am
Nombor atom
4
Berat atom
9.012182
Nombor jisim
9
Kategori
Logam alkali bumi
Warna
Kelabu
Radioaktif
Tidak
Daripada perkataan Yunani beryllos, beril
Struktur hablur
Hexagonal Ringkas
Sejarah
Louis-Nicolas Vauquelin discovered beryllium in the oxide form in both beryl and emeralds in 1798.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Friedrich Wöhler and Antoine Bussy independently isolated beryllium in 1828 by the chemical reaction of metallic potassium with beryllium chloride.
The first commercially-successful process for producing beryllium was developed in 1932 by Alfred Stock and Hans Goldschmidt.
Bilangan elektron per petala
2, 2
Konfigurasi elektron
[He] 2s2
Emerald is a naturally occurring compound of beryllium
Ciri-Ciri Fizikal
Fasa
Pepejal
Ketumpatan
1.85 g/cm3
Takat lebur
1560.15 K | 1287 °C | 2348.6 °F
Takat didih
2742.15 K | 2469 °C | 4476.2 °F
Haba pelakuran
7.95 kJ/mol
Haba pengewapan
297 kJ/mol
Muatan haba molar
1.825 J/g·K
Banyak pada kerak bumi
0.00019%
Banyak pada alam semesta
1×10-7%
Nombor CAS
7440-41-7
Nombor PubChem CID
5460467
Ciri-Ciri Atom
Jejari atom
112 pm
Jejari kovalen
96 pm
Keelektronegatifan
1.57 (Skala Pauling)
Kebolehan mengion
9.3227 eV
Isipadu atom
4.9 cm3/mol
Daya pengaliran terma
2.01 W/cm·K
Keadaan pengoksidaan
1, 2
Aplikasi
Beryllium is used in nuclear reactors as a reflector or moderator.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium metal is used for lightweight structural components in the defense and aerospace industries in high-speed aircraft, guided missiles, space vehicles and satellites.
Unlike most metals, beryllium is virtually transparent to x-rays and hence it is used in radiation windows for x-ray tubes.
Beryllium and its salts are toxic and should be handled with the greatest of care
Isotop
Isotop stabil
9BeIsotop tidak stabil
5Be, 6Be, 7Be, 8Be, 10Be, 11Be, 12Be, 13Be, 14Be, 15Be, 16Be