Zirkonium
40
Zr
Kumpulan
4
Kala
5
Blok
d
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
40
40
51
Ciri-Ciri Am
Nombor atom
40
Berat atom
91.224
Nombor jisim
91
Kategori
Logam peralihan
Warna
Perak
Radioaktif
Tidak
From the Persian zargun, gold like
Struktur hablur
Hexagonal Ringkas
Sejarah
Zirconium was first recognized as an element by Martin Heinrich Klaproth in 1789, in Berlin, in a sample of zircon from Sri Lanka.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Zirconium metal was first obtained in an impure form in 1824 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius by heating a mixture of potassium and potassium zirconium fluoride in an iron tube.
Dutch scientists Anton Eduard van Arkel and Jan Hendrik de Boer discovered a method for producing high purity zirconium in 1925.
Bilangan elektron per petala
2, 8, 18, 10, 2
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d2 5s2
The most common oxide is zirconium dioxide, also referred to as zirconia
Ciri-Ciri Fizikal
Fasa
Pepejal
Ketumpatan
6.506 g/cm3
Takat lebur
2128.15 K | 1855 °C | 3371 °F
Takat didih
4682.15 K | 4409 °C | 7968.2 °F
Haba pelakuran
21 kJ/mol
Haba pengewapan
580 kJ/mol
Muatan haba molar
0.278 J/g·K
Banyak pada kerak bumi
0.013%
Banyak pada alam semesta
5×10-6%
Kredit imej: Wikimedia Commons (Alchemist-hp)
Two samples of crystal bar showing different surface textures as well as a highly pure zirconium cube for comparison
Nombor CAS
7440-67-7
Nombor PubChem CID
23995
Ciri-Ciri Atom
Jejari atom
160 pm
Jejari kovalen
175 pm
Keelektronegatifan
1.33 (Skala Pauling)
Kebolehan mengion
6.6339 eV
Isipadu atom
14.0 cm3/mol
Daya pengaliran terma
0.227 W/cm·K
Keadaan pengoksidaan
1, 2, 3, 4
Aplikasi
Zirconium is mainly used as a refractory and opacifier, although it is used in small amounts as an alloying agent for its strong resistance to corrosion.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is used as to make surgical instruments and is used in steel alloys as a hardening agent.
Zirconium is also used to make superconductive magnets.
Zirconium is considered to be non-toxic
Isotop
Isotop stabil
90Zr, 91Zr, 92Zr, 94ZrIsotop tidak stabil
78Zr, 79Zr, 80Zr, 81Zr, 82Zr, 83Zr, 84Zr, 85Zr, 86Zr, 87Zr, 88Zr, 89Zr, 93Zr, 95Zr, 96Zr, 97Zr, 98Zr, 99Zr, 100Zr, 101Zr, 102Zr, 103Zr, 104Zr, 105Zr, 106Zr, 107Zr, 108Zr, 109Zr, 110Zr