Niobium

41
Nb
Kumpulan
5
Kala
5
Blok
d
Proton
Elektron
Neutron
41
41
52
Ciri-Ciri Am
Nombor atom
41
Berat atom
92.90638
Nombor jisim
93
Kategori
Logam peralihan
Warna
Kelabu
Radioaktif
Tidak
Named after Niobe, the daughter of Tantalu
Struktur hablur
Pusat Badan Kubik
Sejarah
Niobium was discovered by the English chemist Charles Hatchett in 1801 and named the new element columbium.

In 1846, German chemist Henrich Rose independently discovered the element and named it niobium.

The metal was first isolated by Swedish scientist Christian Wilhelm Blomstrand in 1864 who reduced the chloride by heating it in a hydrogen atmosphere.
Bilangan elektron per petala
2, 8, 18, 12, 1
Konfigurasi elektron
[Kr] 4d4 5s1
Nb
Brazil is the leading producer of niobium
Ciri-Ciri Fizikal
Fasa
Pepejal
Ketumpatan
8.57 g/cm3
Takat lebur
2750.15 K | 2477 °C | 4490.6 °F
Takat didih
5017.15 K | 4744 °C | 8571.2 °F
Haba pelakuran
26.8 kJ/mol
Haba pengewapan
690 kJ/mol
Muatan haba molar
0.265 J/g·K
Banyak pada kerak bumi
0.0017%
Banyak pada alam semesta
2×10-7%
Ultrapure
Kredit imej: Images-of-elements
Ultrapure niobium bead, slightly oxidized
Nombor CAS
7440-03-1
Nombor PubChem CID
23936
Ciri-Ciri Atom
Jejari atom
146 pm
Jejari kovalen
164 pm
Keelektronegatifan
1.6 (Skala Pauling)
Kebolehan mengion
6.7589 eV
Isipadu atom
10.87 cm3/mol
Daya pengaliran terma
0.537 W/cm·K
Keadaan pengoksidaan
-1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Aplikasi
Niobium is used in arc-welding rods for stabilized grades of stainless steel.

Niobium alloys are strong and are often used in pipeline construction.

The metal is used in superalloys for jet engines and heat resistant equipment.

Niobium is found in many medical devices such as pacemakers.
Some niobium compounds are highly toxic
Isotop
Isotop stabil
93Nb
Isotop tidak stabil
81Nb, 82Nb, 83Nb, 84Nb, 85Nb, 86Nb, 87Nb, 88Nb, 89Nb, 90Nb, 91Nb, 92Nb, 94Nb, 95Nb, 96Nb, 97Nb, 98Nb, 99Nb, 100Nb, 101Nb, 102Nb, 103Nb, 104Nb, 105Nb, 106Nb, 107Nb, 108Nb, 109Nb, 110Nb, 111Nb, 112Nb, 113Nb